Thursday, June 30, 2011

This is a Blog about Traveling

March 24, 2010


Leaving Diafaribe, we all felt recharged. The weather was good, we had made some progress (yes, with a little assistance) and we felt within reach of Mopti. We had somewhere around100 km to go before reaching the thriving port town. Just a day before, we had considered getting towed the whole way and selling the boat asap.

Photo Credit: Jonathan Diarra

Now we had still air and optimism on our side. We felt fast and we were all paddling and poling at our full strength. The river was moving fast as well, and with the benefit of daylight, we were more adept at dodging sand bars. Just before sunset, after making an estimated 15, maybe even 20 km, Jordan saw a wide open beach. He wanted to play soccer with our remaining sunlight. Blai didn’t want to get stuck on a sandy beach again. This time Jonathan and I were indifferent. After letting our boat float for a bit while we debated, the river pulled us into shore right next to a scrap of palm-woven Bozo housing. This seemed like a sign, so we got out and started kicking the ball around.

Photo Credit: Jonathan Diarra

As we were doing this, we noticed a Land Cruiser on the opposite bank. It was driving away from Diafaribe and after moving a hundred meters past us, it stopped. It was among some trees and we could not see if anyone got out. It looked like the standard vehicle used by NGOs, and this is most likely what it was. On the other hand, I knew we were getting close to the more dangerous region of Mali where threats of kidnapping from Al-Qaeda affiliates have led most businesses and NGOs to pull their employees out. There had been many instances of kidnapping near Timbuktu recently, and there have been more threats against foreigners in places farther south, as of late. The most recent incident I had heard of were two French people being pulled from a restaurant in Niamey, the capital Niger, in plain sight. This was significant because until then most kidnappings had taken place in more remote and insecure areas.


These thoughts had always been in the back of my mind, but I knew we did not the fit the profile of who tended to be kidnapped. Even if acts of kidnapping or terrorism are targeting foreigners, regardless of their reason for being in the area or their nationality, we were still not practical targets. The victims usually tend to be people in places frequented by foreigners (like in the Mumbai attacks, the recent bombing of a tourist café in Marrakech, or any of the many attacks on embassies, including the one in Mali in January) or workers with a regular and predictable schedule (like the kidnapped uranium workers in Niger, oil workers in Nigeria, Spanish NGO workers in Timbuktu, or the Spanish aid convoy in Mauritania). I knew that we would be far trickier to capture to than thousands of other foreigners in the country.


On the other hand, my imagination and paranoia can get the best of me, and I silently got nervous about that vehicle. What if something more sinister had been going on here? I wondered if they would be able to get across the river, and how. Steal a Bozo’s boat? Would they be able to round up all of us, or could I sneak out of my tent silently and run into the darkness? When night came I saw another set of headlights moving, though I wasn’t sure if it was a second vehicle or the first one. I had not seen if it had continued on or was stopping there for the night. I felt restless that night and every sound that never bothered me before was like an instant alarm. I felt lame for getting scared, but, to me, the sight of cars out here just did not feel normal.


We got an early start, and managed to get a few hours of progress in before the Harmattans started blowing. We pulled into a small Bozo village to catch some rest and wait out the weather. When we landed, we found typical hospitality. There were some men working on motorbikes next to some other men building boats. They saw that we were coming to rest and they showed us a market stall that we could sit under for shade. Before we could even bring our things there, another man found some mats and laid them out for us to sit on. Then he came with some reed mats and set them up on two sides of the shelter to serve as shade walls and give us some privacy.

Photo Credit: Blai Coulibaly

Photo Credit: Blai Coulibaly

Photo Credit: Blai Coulibaly

We spent the day making pots of tea for the men as they worked and when it was lunchtime, they invited us over to share their big communal bowl of fishy rice. For most of the time they were even able to keep the curious kids at bay. As much as I do like kids, the number of them and the persistence with which they watch at close distances gets old quick. For us, this was paradise.


In the afternoon I heard some bass rhythmically pounding away nearby. Naturally, I went to investigate. Jordan came with me, and we found a wedding party in full swing. Everyone was dancing under a small shade awning and, as usual, they invited us in. Jordan was too tall, but I jumped right in. I am always disappointed that as soon as I start dancing, everyone else stops and watches. I just want to be a part of it, so I grabbed a couple kids and pulled them in to start dancing with me and motioned for some of the women to start dancing too. I got the dance floor moving again, though only momentarily.

Yes, that is me dancing with a deflated soccer ball on my head. Photo Credit: Jordan

We continued our walk through the village and found that this was a real center for boat-building, like we hadn’t seen since Segou. Many men were hard at work, cutting wood, forging nails, and painting the finished boats. They made the claim that they were the biggest village for boat production to supply Mopti. This was surprising (and I am almost certain that Mopti still produces more boats than this village), but they explained that this village was the farthest town south of Mopti that could transport large boats year round. Being far south meant that they were closer to the source of the wood, and therefore it cost less to get it there. This in itself was also hard to believe, as this village was probably far more difficult to reach for big trucks hauling lumber compared to Mopti, which was on the country’s main highway. The money saved, if any, must have been pennies, but that can still make the difference. Either way, this town was producing a lot of boats for its size.

We met an economist in town. He had been hired by the government to travel around various small towns to analyze the methods they had of earning income. He told us what we had already noticed, that the town lives off boat-building and fishing. Another source of income, though, was brick-making. On the way out of town we saw huge stacks of mud bricks being produced for transport to other places on the river. This seemed like the kind of task that anyone living near the river could do, but for some reason, this town was exceptionally successful with it.

This is why brick building will always be a booming business.

Further along in town we came across their huge mosque. We were lucky to be there for the afternoon call to prayer. Not much to say about it, just look.

When the sun started to come around to the other side of our shelter, we had the option of moving our shade walls, or moving. The wind had died, but we didn’t really want to leave the town. Everyone here had been so kind to us, and we felt fortunate for the hospitality. But still, we had to move.

We leave behind so many friends. Photo Credit: Blai Coulibaly

Fura's glamour shot. Photo Credit: Blai Coulibaly

Obama shirt!

Back on the river, we caught the eye of a fisherman. He rushed to catch up to us, and then displayed two large fish. Unlike most of the other fishermen we had met on the river, he was not going to give us the fish for free. On the other hand, we had little protein (eggs) left in our food supply and we discussed the price. A special treat, they were large and not catfish. Jonathan thought we paid too much, but that night, when we grilled them, he changed his mind. They were the best fish we had ever had, and we realized that we should have been looking to buy fish more often from the fishermen.


The fisherman

Check those tan lines. Photo Credit: Jonathan Diarra

This is how you do a 360

Photo Credit: Jordan
Photo Credit: Jordan


Little happened the next day. Just a lot of paddling. We had good weather. We moved past a variety of villages, from little Bozo camps to Fulani villages with big mud mosques on their impressive skylines.


Bozo Village

Photo Credit: Jordan

I spent most of the day at the front with the bamboo pole. I was in a good rhythm and poled for hours. Late in the day, though, I was getting a little too intense about it, and for one reason or another my mood had grown sour. I was putting all of my frustrations into the pole, pushing it more intensely every time. I had gotten to the point where I was flexing the pole and using it a little like a pole vault. The intensity of it fueled whatever foul mood I was in and I was not to be messed with. Then somebody skipped past a song on our boom box that I happened to be one of my favorites. I said something about it, but was either not heard or ignored. This sent me over the edge. I was silently fuming, and I began putting all of my strength into the bamboo pole. Within just a few strokes I had pushed it too hard, and the pole snapped in half, and I tumbled into the water. I screamed in anger, and I think the rest of the crew knew it was better not to laugh at me this time. Something had happened to me that I couldn’t figure it out. I felt like crying or punching, and my only relief from the tension I had was pushing that pole. Now it was broken. Luckily we had a spare, which was heavier and more cumbersome, so I jumped back in the boat, collected the pieces of bamboo, and silently continued.

An hour later, we could hear the thumping of music coming from a nearby village. It seemed that we were getting closer to it quickly, but we actually couldn’t even see the village. Then we realized the music was coming from an approaching boat. It was a nautical wedding party! We took a dance break as they passed us. They helped turn my mood around. I was back, and was now powering the boat with a new emotion.

Monday, June 20, 2011

Chicago Bulls Rum

We arrived in Diafaribe, the largest town between Ke-Massina and Mopti at 8:00 PM after hitching a ride with a big pinasse. We paid the men on the boat the 8000 francs we had promised. They suddenly seemed disappointed by this amount of money and it was clear that they had wanted more. Our bartering was pretty shoddy, and with a thick language barrier we were not surprised that there had been a miscommunication. These were not the type of people to rip us off, but we still were not sure how much more they were expecting.


Suddenly, out of the darkness, a big man appeared in a large Mauritanian style robe. He strutted confidently toward us, puffing heavily on a cigarette. He had been summoned by one of the children for his French skills. He had a cocky air about him, and I had no trust for him. He did not greet us traditionally, but simply boomed, “Bonsoir!” I tried to greet him in Bambara (even if it is not his native tongue, it is a better lingua franca than French), but he ignored me and continued in French without even offering a handshake. It was the first time that I felt what it was like when somebody completely disregards protocol and rude it seems. From Morocco to here I had truly learned the importance of traditional greetings, and how far they will get you. Hell, even in France and Spain there were things to take into consideration when greeting strangers that would be foreign concepts in America. So basically this guy came to translate, but he was a shady individual and we did not want to deal with him. We discreetly paid the boatmen the 2000 more francs that we owed them, and hoped that the big man would not try to take a cut. Before leaving he demanded that we give him another cigarette, but we refused. He then tried to extract money from us by some offer as a guide or for a place to stay or some service that I can’t remember anymore. As he left, we felt a little uneasy about this new town.


Diafaribe, although more easily accessed by boat than by road, is probably one of the more likely places to have foreign visitors, albeit only once a year. It is one of the more important places on the river due to its significance to the Fulani people of the region. During the dry season they return home to their villages in the area after spending months on the edge of the desert with their herds of cattle. There is a huge homecoming and river crossing festival in January, the kind of which has probably graced the pages of National Geographic on more than one occasion. Although the people in town said that foreigners never come here, I knew that at least once a year they would get some intrepid travelers in town to see the spectacle.


It was incredibly dark where we were and we couldn’t tell exactly what was around us. We could however see some lights and a faint outline of a town. We left Fura to guard the boat as we went in to explore.


We immediately realized we had crossed into a new land. There was an eerie feeling that overcame me as we meandered through the town’s tiny dirt roads. Light-skinned old men in robes and turbans sat idly under dim light bulbs tucked inside of mud shacks and shops, giving us tired stares as we passed. Filthy children scurried around us, as they ran errands for their families. Fulani walked through the shadowy streets with bowls on their head, pushing their fresh milk. It seemed too quiet for how much activity was still going on. People were around, but they were discreet, and almost hidden. I felt like we had to whisper. The construction of the buildings, while still mud, was slightly different. The doorways and windows were more elaborate, showing the historical Moorish influence. The geography of the town, located where the river split in two, pushed everything together into a little wedge, so everything was far more compact than in most villages.


We found a tiny shop run by a grim looking Mauritanian man. All of a sudden we were using Arabic greetings for the first time in months. It would make sense if you looked at our movement on a map that didn’t show borders. We were now closer to the desert and the region where Arabic is spoken, even though it is technically not spoken in Mali. In the shop he sold American Legends, the standard cigarette in Mauritania, that we had not seen since being in Mali. Being closer to the border we assumed this was evidence of smuggling. Sure enough, they were cheaper than any other cigarettes in Mali. We bought a few Cokes, and looked for some food. All we could find were some fried dough balls and mangoes. We also bought a couple liters of the fresh milk that all the women were selling.


Blai asked a guy on the street if there was a place to buy beer in the town. I felt embarrassed to be asking this, as it was a seriously Muslim town, but they guy responded positively. He said there was no beer, but he could get us whiskey. He made a quick phone call, and we waited ten minutes for his friend to arrive.

It felt like a drug deal. He led us through the narrowest, maziest little paths strewn with garbage until we arrived at his little shack. The guy spoke English, and he explained that he used to work in Nigeria. His work there sounded suspicious, but the line between honest work and criminal activity in Africa can be very blurry, so I didn’t worry too much. His work here was obviously suspicious too, but it was good enough to keep him out of Nigeria.


He turned on some music, and brought out chairs for us before displaying the product. He pulled out a big bag of liquor sachets that he said were whiskey. In fact they were labeled as both rum and whiskey, I guess just to cover their bases. The most important part, though was the brand name. It was called “Strong Bull” and featured the Chicago Bulls logo. This sealed the deal and we bought the whole bag (which seemed like a lot but was really just one liter). He also tried offered us some of his homemade liquor. We each took a sip, and it was probably some of the strongest, foulest liquor I have ever let hit my lips. Before we left the guy’s house a woman came with a cup and bought a tall drink of his firewater for pennies, most likely to take back to her husband.


Chicago Bulls Rum (Cafe-Rhum Whiskey, is it coffe, rum or whiskey?) Photo Credit: Jonathan Diarra

We went back to the boat, as we now had everything we needed. With mangoes, milk and rum, Jordan was set on making us “mango daiquiris”. Don’t laugh.


We crossed the river and found a welcoming soft beach with nobody in sight. Although we had paid to be taken the last 35 km., we felt like the progress deserved some celebration. We mashed up the mango pulp with milk, added rum, turned up the tunes and had as fun a night as is possible in Diafaribe.


Camp spot by morning: Photo Credit: Jonathan Diarra

The next day we had a little bit of stocking up to do. We went back to town and found, in the daylight, a much less intimidating town. The people were friendly, curious and very interesting. We stocked up on fruits and vegetables, and had a big lunch of slow-roasted sheep. I even bought a new jar of mustard for the occasion. Malian cuisine is pretty basic and can get boring after a while, but the roasted meat was always a special treat, especially when we could get a hold of mustard.

The sheep meat roasts on a barbecue made from an old oil drum and a wire grill. Photo Credit: Jonathan Diarra


A Bozo fishing camp across the river from Diafaribe. Photo Credit:Jonathan Diarra

A walk through the town revealed a gorgeous mosque. The only thing that compared was the mosque in Djenne, which is arguably West Africa’s most famous structure. This mosque was special because it represented the reality of this building style. In Djenne, their large mud mosque felt like a tourist attraction, but this one, while probably only half the size felt more authentic and didn’t attract the attention of anyone, as it is simply the norm for the region.


Photo Credit: Jordan


This mosque was built in 1997, yet it already looks ancient. Photo Credit: Jordan


There were a few aid projects in town that gratuitously displayed credit to the donors. A huge water tower, which seemed incredibly out of place, had the European Union flag emblazoned across it. Another one that seemed just as surprising and definitely more frivolous was a set of public toilets. I wondered why this town, of all that we had seen had been given the good fortune of international donor’s attention.


Notice the new concrete buildings for the aid projects on the outskirts of town.


Diafaribe intrigued me and if I wasn’t attached to the boat, I would have wanted to stay to understand it a little more and get under its skin. Just before leaving, I took a quick last stroll through town. I ran into a few guys who invited me into their home for some tea and peanuts.


One of them spoke French so we were able to have a good conversation. I mostly asked them about their nomadic lives. One of them stayed in town the whole year, while the other two told me that they spend a third or half of the year traveling with their herd of cattle. I felt like this explained the bare nature of their home. A few mats, a tea pot, tea cups and a little charcoal stove made of wire. You don’t need much more. In reality, their home is on the road. Their belongings are their cattle. Even in modern times, when people tend to be more sedentary, certain things stick around longer, like their simple lifestyle. They wished me luck on the river journey and I was back on my way with the boat.